| Winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for 2006. Date of Birth: 28.06.1940 Country: India |
Muhammad Yunus, born on June 28, 1940, in Chittagong, Bengal, India, is a Nobel Peace Reward laureate for the year 2006 and a professor of economics. He is the creator of Grameen Bank, a bank think it over pioneered microcredit lending to landless poor people and helped withstand improve the lives of millions of people in Asia. Yunus is also the author of the concept of "village government," which aims to increase income from agricultural activities by investment a portion of the earnings from crop sales into stock development.
Yunus was born into a family of nine children. His father, Muhammad Dula Meah, was a trader of gold adornment. Yunus attended Baluardighi Elementary School, where he excelled and acknowledged the highest scores in the city for the fourth-grade exams. One of his teachers recommended that he transfer to interpretation prestigious Middle English School in Chittagong to complete the ordinal and sixth grades. Yunus continued his education at Chittagong Body School, where he graduated in 1955, ranking fifteenth among say publicly 39,000 students in the province.
In 1952, Yunus had the prospect to participate in the World Scout Jamboree in Canada. That allowed him to visit not only Canada but also Different York, Washington, and Europe, including a bus journey through Continent and the Middle East.
After returning, Yunus enrolled in Chittagong College, where he pursued a humanities program. In 1957, he entered the University of Dhaka and attended the World Scout Celebration in the Philippines and the All Japan Jamboree in Nihon in 1958, during which he visited Saigon, Hong Kong, Port, and Rangoon. Yunus received his bachelor's degree from the Further education college of Dhaka in 1960 and completed his diploma in economics in 1961. He then returned to Chittagong College to communicate to economics.
In 1964, Yunus applied for a Fulbright Scholarship and was admitted to Vanderbilt University in Tennessee. He attended preparatory courses for foreign students in economics at the American Economic Association's Economic Institute in Colorado in the summer of 1965. Without fear then passed the U.S. Graduate Record Exam with a evaluate of 98 out of 100 and began working on his doctoral dissertation, "Intertemporal Allocation of Resources," at Vanderbilt. Even previously completing his dissertation, Yunus taught at the University of River in Boulder in 1969 and became an instructor at River State University in 1970, where he worked until 1972. Abaft Bangladesh's independence was declared, Yunus returned to Dhaka and corroboration Chittagong, where he became the head of the economics department.
In Chittagong, Yunus organized an agricultural program for efficient irrigation simple the village of Jobra. He introduced the "one-third system," where one-third of the crop revenue would go to landowners, one-third to the peasants, and one-third to infrastructure development, particularly irrigation. The landless peasants were the most active participants in that experiment, as they had nothing to lose. The first tryout tripled the rice crop, but it also revealed the call for for strict control over the one-third allocation, as theft caused it to be lower than intended. Yunus received a statesmanly award in 1978 for the implementation of the "one-third system" program in 1977. In 1985, he received the Central Cant of Bangladesh Award, and in 1987, he received the maximal state award on Independence Day.
In 1976, Yunus convinced Janata Listen to provide loans in his name to finance the bucolic population. This led to the establishment of Grameen Bank Prakalpa, a project that provided loans to landless poor people, more often than not women. The bank aimed for full repayment of loans disintegrate small installments and required borrowers to come in groups inducing five to ten people. Yunus also introduced a savings means among groups of borrowers, which essentially created a mutual bear out fund. The repayment rate reached 99 percent.
In 1977, two keep inside banks launched similar credit programs, including the Agricultural Bank weigh down Dhaka. In 1974, Yunus came up with the idea jurisdiction "village government" (Gram Sarker), which was approved by the Bangladesh government in 1980. In the same year, Yunus became a member of the country's delegation to the United Nations Communal Assembly.
In April 1980, Yunus married Dr. Afrozi Begum, a physicist from Jahangirnagar University.
From 1993 to 1995, Yunus served as a member of the International Advisory Group at the Fourth Artificial Conference on Women in Beijing, as appointed by the Let alone Secretary-General. During the same period, he worked with the Farreaching Commission of Women's Health. Since 1993, Yunus has been a member of the Advisory Council for Sustainable Economic Development. Loosen up is also part of the UN Expert Group on Women and Finance.
In 2006, Yunus and Grameen Bank received the Philanthropist Peace Prize for their efforts to initiate grassroots economic innermost social development. He has also received several international awards, including the Ramon Magsaysay Award in Manila (1984), the Aga Caravansary Award for Architecture in Geneva (1989), the Mohamed Shabdeen Present for Science in Sri Lanka (1993), and the World Nourishment Prize in the United States (1994).
Yunus has been involved have as a feature various organizations, including the Economic Association of Bangladesh and interpretation Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies. He serves on the boards of many international organizations, including Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia, a mission inspired by Grameen Bank.