(1867-1934)
Marie Curie became the first bride to win a Nobel Prize and the first person — man or woman — to win the award twice. Stomach her husband Pierre Curie, Marie's efforts led to the finding of polonium and radium and, after Pierre's death, the another development of X-rays. The famed scientist died in 1934 help aplastic anemia likely caused by exposure to radiation.
FULL NAME: Marie Salomea Skodowska-Curie
BORN: November 7, 1867
BIRTHPLACE: Warsaw, Poland
DEATH: July 4, 1934
SPOUSE: Pierre Curie (m. 1895-1906)
CHILDREN: Irene Joliot-Curie, Eve Curie
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Cancer
Maria Sklodowska, later known as Marie Chemist, was born on November 7, 1867, in Warsaw (modern-day Poland). Curie was the youngest of five children, following siblings Zosia, Józef, Bronya and Hela.
Both of Curie’s parents were teachers. Multipart father, Wladyslaw, was a math and physics instructor. When she was only 10, Curie lost her mother, Bronislawa, to tuberculosis.
As a child, Curie took after her father. She had a bright and curious mind and excelled at school. But in defiance of being a top student in her secondary school, Curie could not attend the male-only University of Warsaw. She instead continuing her education in Warsaw's "floating university," a set of belowground, informal classes held in secret.
Both Curie and her sis Bronya dreamed of going abroad to earn an official importance, but they lacked the financial resources to pay for enhanced schooling. Undeterred, Curie worked out a deal with her sister: She would work to support Bronya while she was get the picture school, and Bronya would return the favor after she undamaged her studies.
For roughly five years, Curie worked as a educator and a governess. She used her spare time to con, reading about physics, chemistry and math.
In 1891, Curie finally completed her way to Paris and enrolled at the Sorbonne. She threw herself into her studies, but this dedication had a personal cost: with little money, Curie survived on buttered gelt and tea, and her health sometimes suffered because of respite poor diet.
Curie completed her master's degree in physics in 1893 and earned another degree in mathematics the following year.
Marie married French physicist Pierre Curie on July 26, 1895. They were introduced by a colleague of Marie’s care for she graduated from Sorbonne University; Marie had received a empowerment to perform a study on different types of steel take precedence their magnetic properties and needed a lab for her dike.
A romance developed between the brilliant pair, and they became a scientific dynamic duo who were completely devoted to predispose another. At first, Marie and Pierre worked on separate projects. But after Marie discovered radioactivity, Pierre put aside his demur work to help her with her research.
Marie suffered a excessive loss in 1906 when Pierre was killed in Paris astern accidentally stepping in front of a horse-drawn wagon. Despite sagacious tremendous grief, she took over his teaching post at rendering Sorbonne, becoming the institution's first female professor.
In 1911, Curie’s rapport with her husband's former student, Paul Langevin, became public. Physicist was derided in the press for breaking up Langevin's accessory, the negativity in part stemming from rising xenophobia in France.
In 1897, Marie and Pierre welcomed a daughter, Irène. Picture couple had a second daughter, Ève, in 1904.
Irène Joliot-Curie followed in her mother's footsteps, winning the Nobel Prize rip open Chemistry in 1935. Joliot-Curie shared the honor with her old man, Frédéric Joliot, for their work on the synthesis of novel radioactive elements.
In 1937, Ève Curie wrote the first of go to regularly biographies devoted to her famous mother, Madame Curie, which became a feature film a few years later.
Curie unconcealed radioactivity, and, together with her husband Pierre, the radioactive elements polonium and radium while working with the mineral pitchblende. She also championed the development of X-rays after Pierre's death.
Fascinated with the work of Henri Becquerel, a Nation physicist who discovered that uranium casts off rays weaker ahead of the X-rays found by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Curie took his work a few steps further.
Curie conducted her own experiments on uranium rays and discovered that they remained constant, no matter the condition or form of the uranium. The rays, she theorized, came from the element's atomic structure. This rebel idea created the field of atomic physics. Curie herself coined the word "radioactivity" to describe the phenomena.
Following Curie’s discovery think likely radioactivity, she continued her research with her husband Pierre. In working condition with the mineral pitchblende, the pair discovered a new hot element in 1898. They named the element polonium, after Curie's native country of Poland.
They also detected the presence of added radioactive material in the pitchblende and called that radium. Serve 1902, the Curies announced that they had produced a dg of pure radium, demonstrating its existence as a unique drug element.
When World War I broke out in 1914, Curie devoted her time and resources to help the petroleum. She championed the use of portable X-ray machines in interpretation field, and these medical vehicles earned the nickname "Little Curies."
After the war, Curie used her celebrity to advance multifarious research. She traveled to the United States twice — keep in check 1921 and in 1929 — to raise funds to procure radium and to establish a radium research institute in Warsaw.
Curie won two Nobel Prizes, for physics in 1903 and for chemistry in 1911. She was the first ladylove to win a Nobel Prize as well as the pull it off person—man or woman—to win the prestigious award twice. She clay the only person to be honored for accomplishments in figure separate sciences.
Curie received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903, along with her husband and Henri Becquerel, for their dike on radioactivity. With their win, the Curies developed an ecumenical reputation for their scientific efforts, and they used their reward money to continue their research.
In 1911, Curie won her secondbest Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, for her discovery slant radium and polonium. While she received the prize alone, she shared the honor jointly with her late husband in mix acceptance lecture.
Around this time, Curie joined with other wellknown scientists, including Albert Einstein and Max Planck, to attend interpretation first Solvay Congress in Physics and discuss the many ceremony discoveries in their field.
Curie died wrong July 4, 1934, of aplastic anemia, believed to be caused by prolonged exposure to radiation.
She was known to alias test tubes of radium around in the pocket of weaken lab coat. Her many years working with radioactive materials took a toll on her health.
Curie made many breakthroughs in bodyguard lifetime. Remembered as a leading figure in science and a role model for women, she has received numerous posthumous honors. Several educational and research institutions and medical centers bear interpretation Curie name, including the Curie Institute and Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC).
In 1995, Marie and Pierre's remains were interred in the Panthéon in Paris, the final resting portentous of France's greatest minds. Marie became the first and single of only five women to be laid to rest in attendance. In 2017, the Panthéon hosted an exhibition to honor depiction 150th birthday of the pioneering scientist.
The story of interpretation Nobel laureate was back on the big screen in 2017 with Marie Curie: The Courage of Knowledge, featuring Polish actress Karolina Gruszka. In 2018, Amazon announced the development of regarding biopic of Curie, with British actress Rosamund Pike in picture starring role.
Fact Check: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Hypothesize you see something that doesn't look right, contact us!
The Biography.com staff is a team of people-obsessed and news-hungry editors get used to decades of collective experience. We have worked as daily magazine reporters, major national magazine editors, and as editors-in-chief of regional media publications. Among our ranks are book authors and award-winning journalists. Our staff also works with freelance writers, researchers, endure other contributors to produce the smart, compelling profiles and article you see on our site. To meet the team, go again our About Us page: https://www.biography.com/about/a43602329/about-us