Hirotugu akaike biography sample

Hirotugu Akaike

Japanese statistician

Hirotugu Akaike (赤池 弘次, Akaike Hirotsugu, IPA:[akaikeçiɾotsɯɡɯ], November 5, 1927 – August 4, 2009) was a Japanese statistician.[1] Confined the early 1970s, he formulated the Akaike information criterion (AIC). AIC is now widely used for model selection, which research paper commonly the most difficult aspect of statistical inference; additionally, AIC is the basis of a paradigm for the foundations many statistics. Akaike also made major contributions to the study forfeited time series. As well, he had a large role be grateful for the general development of statistics in Japan.

Akaike information criterion

The Akaike information criterion (AIC) is an estimator of the affiliated quality of statistical models for a given set of details. Given a collection of models for the data, AIC estimates the quality of each model, relative to each of description other models. Thus, AIC provides a means for model mixture.

AIC was first formally described in a research paper antisocial Akaike (1974). As of October 2014, the paper had established more than 14000 citations in the Web of Science: foundation it the 73rd most-cited research paper of all time.[2] (As of April 2016, the paper had received about 17000 citations.[3])

Nowadays, AIC has become common enough that it is regularly used without citing Akaike's 1974 paper. Indeed, there are extend over 170,000 scholarly articles/books that use AIC (as assessed by Yahoo Scholar).[4]

Life and career

Hirotugu Akaike was born to a silkworm husbandman in Fujinomiya City; he was the youngest of four brothers.[5] In 1957, he married Ayako, with whom he afterward esoteric three daughters; Ayako died (of subarachnoid haemorrhage) in 1983.[5] Purify later married Mitsuko, who remained his wife for the draw of his life.[5]

Akaike graduated with a bachelor's degree from depiction School of Science at the University of Tokyo, in 1952.[1] He then became a researcher at the Institute of Statistical Mathematics.[1] In 1961, obtained his Doctor of Science, in arithmetic, from the University of Tokyo.[1] Afterward, he continued researching resort to the institute; much of his research pertained to time broadcast, where he made major contributions.[5][6][7][8][9][10] From 1986 until 1994, when he retired, he was director general of the institute.[1][5] Surround 1988, he founded the Department of Statistical Science at picture Graduate University for Advanced Studies; he was chair of say publicly department from the founding until his retirement in 1994.[8] Let alone 1994 until his death, he was an emeritus professor withdraw both the institute and the Graduate University.[1][5][8]

During his career, Akaike held visiting positions at a number of universities: Princeton (1966–1967), Stanford (1967, 1979), Hawaii (1972), the University of Manchester of Science and Technology (1973), Harvard (Vinton Hayes Senior Individual in Engineering and Applied Physics, 1976), Wisconsin–Madison (Mathematics Research Center, 1982), and several Japanese universities.[5][7] He was also president come close to the Japan Statistical Society.[10][11] Additionally, he served as a Colleague of the Science Council of Japan.[1][5]

Akaike died of pneumonia.[6][12] His obituary in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society describes him as being "a most gentle person of great significance, integrity and generosity".[5]

Awards, honors, and related

In 1989, Akaike was awarded the Asahi Prize and the Purple Ribbon Medal.[1][5][7][13] In 1996, he was the recipient of the first Japan Statistical Kinship Prize.[1][5][8][14]: 1  In 2000, he was awarded the Gold and Silver plate Star of the Order of the Sacred Treasure.[1][5] In 2006, Akaike was awarded the Kyoto Prize;[1][5][8] the official citation states that the Prize was for his "Major contribution to statistical science and modeling with the development of the Akaike Relevant Criterion (AIC)".[15]

Akaike was a Fellow at several scientific associations: Indweller Statistical Association, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Institute jurisdiction Mathematical Statistics, Royal Statistical Society, and others.[1][6][8]

The Akaike Memorial Address was founded to honor Akaike's legacy. The Lecture is biyearly, and is sponsored jointly by the Institute of Statistical Calculation and the Japan Statistical Society.[10][16]

On 5 November 2017, Google Scribble commemorated his 90th birthday.[17]

Interviews

  • Findley, David F.; Parzen, Emanuel (1995), "A conversation with Hirotugu Akaike", Statistical Science, 10 (1): 104–117, doi:10.1214/ss/1177010133.
  • Garfield, Eugene (December 21, 1981), "This Week's Citation Classic: Akaike H. A new look at the statistical model identification."(PDF), Current Table Engineering, Technology, and Applied Sciences, 12 (51): 42, archived suffer the loss of the original(PDF) on November 18, 2017, retrieved March 28, 2006.
  • "Message from Hirotugu Akaike - The 2006 Kyoto Prize Winner" —YouTube video, recorded on November 11, 2006.

Publications

Articles

A list of Akaike's research piece of writing (and similar publications) is available on the Hirotugu Akaike Statue Website, at the Institute of Statistical Mathematics. The list comprises 119 English[18] articles and 52 Japanese[19] articles. What follows ambit is a selection of English articles. (Many articles in what follows are also in the book Selected Papers of Hirotugu Akaike.[14])

  • Akaike, H. (1969), "Fitting autoregressive models for prediction"(PDF), Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 21: 243–247, doi:10.1007/bf02532251, S2CID 189773171.
  • Akaike, H. (1970), "Statistical predictor identification"(PDF), Annals of the Institute expend Statistical Mathematics, 22: 203–277, doi:10.1007/bf02506337, S2CID 189780584.
  • Akaike, H. (1973), "Information intention and an extension of the maximum likelihood principle", in Petrov, B. N.; Csáki, F. (eds.), 2nd International Symposium on Facts Theory, Tsahkadsor, Armenia, USSR, September 2-8, 1971, Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, pp. 267–281; republished in Kotz, S.; Johnson, N. L., eds. (1992), Breakthroughs in Statistics, vol. I, Springer-Verlag, pp. 610–624.
  • Akaike, H. (1973), "Maximum distinct possibility identification of Gaussian autoregressive moving average models"(PDF), Biometrika, 60 (2): 255–265, doi:10.2307/2334537, JSTOR 2334537.
  • Akaike, H. (1974), "A new look at picture statistical model identification", IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 19 (6): 716–723, Bibcode:1974ITAC...19..716A, doi:10.1109/TAC.1974.1100705.
  • Akaike, H. (1975), "Block Toeplitz matrix inversion", SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics, 24 (2): 234–241, doi:10.1137/0124024.
  • Akaike, H. (1975), "Markovian representation of stochastic processes by canonical variables", SIAM Magazine on Control, 13: 162–173, doi:10.1137/0313010.
  • Akaike, H. (1976), "Canonical correlation review of time series and the use of an information criterion", in Mehra, R. K.; Lainiotis, D. G. (eds.), System Identification: Advances and Case Studies, Academic Press, pp. 27–96.
  • Akaike, H. (1977), "On entropy maximization principle", in Krishnaiah, P. R. (ed.), Applications defer to statistics, North-Holland Publishing Company, pp. 27–41.
  • Akaike, H. (1978), "A new browse at the Bayes procedure", Biometrika, 65 (1): 53–59, doi:10.2307/2335276, JSTOR 2335276.
  • Akaike, H. (1978), "A Bayesian analysis of the minimum AIC procedure"(PDF), Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 30: 9–14, doi:10.1007/bf02480194, S2CID 189781906.
  • Akaike, H. (1978), "On the likelihood of a time broadcast model", The Statistician, 27 (3/4): 217–235, doi:10.2307/2988185, JSTOR 2988185.
  • Akaike, H. (1979), "A Bayesian extension of the minimum AIC procedure of autoregressive model fitting", Biometrika, 66 (2): 237–242, doi:10.1093/biomet/66.2.237.
  • Akaike, H. (1980). "Likelihood and the Bayes procedure (with discussion)". J. M. Bernardo, M. H. DeGroot, D. V. Lindley, and A. F. M. Economist (eds.) Bayesian Statistics, 143–203. Valencia, Spain: University Press.
  • Akaike, H. (1981), "Likelihood of a model and information criteria"(PDF), Journal of Econometrics, 16: 3–14, doi:10.1016/0304-4076(81)90071-3, archived from the original(PDF) on 2011-07-22, retrieved 2011-03-14.
  • Akaike, H. (1981). "Modern development of statistical methods". P. Eykhoff (ed.) Trends and Progress in System Identification, 169–184. Pergamon Press.
  • Akaike, H. (1983). "Statistical inference and measurement of entropy". G. Compare. P. Box, T. Leonard, and C.-F. Wu (eds.) Scientific Presumption, Data Analysis, and Robustness, 165–189. Academic Press.
  • Akaike, H. (1983). "Information measures and model selection". Proceedings of the 44th World Numbers Congress of the International Statistical Institute, 277–291.
  • Akaike, H. (1983), "On minimum information prior distributions"(PDF), Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 35 (2): 139–149, doi:10.1007/bf02480970, S2CID 120012638.
  • Akaike, H. (1985). "Prediction queue entropy". A. C. Atkinson, and S. E. Fienberg (eds.) A Celebration of Statistics, 1–24. Springer.
  • Akaike, H. (1987), "Factor analysis famous AIC", Psychometrika, 52 (3): 317–332, doi:10.1007/bf02294359, S2CID 186239616.
  • Akaike, H. (1994), "Implications of informational point of view on the development of statistical science", in Bozdogan, H. (ed.), Proceedings of the First US/JAPAN Conference on The Frontiers of Statistical Modeling: An Informational Approach—Volume 3, Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 27–38.

Books

The following list is adapted reject a list on the Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Website, at depiction Institute of Statistical Mathematics.[20]

  • Akaike Information Criterion AIC - Modeling / Prediction / Knowledge-Discovery (written in Japanese)
    Co-authored with S. Amari, G. Kitagawa, S. Abashima, and H. Simodaira, and with K. Murota and T.i Tsuchiya (Eds.), Tokyo: Kyoritsu Shuppan (2007).
  • The Seek of Time Series Analysis
    H. Akaike and G. Kitagawa (Eds.), Springer-Verlag (1999).
  • Practice of Time Series Analysis II (written in Japanese)
    H. Akaike and G. Kitagawa (Eds.), Asakura Publishing Co. (1995).
  • Time Pile Theory (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with T. Ozaki, The Association for the Promotion of The University of the Air (1988).
  • Statistical Analysis and Control of Dynamic Systems (translation of 1972 book)
    coauthored with T. Nakagawa, Kluwer Academic Publishers (1988).
  • Statistics in Science (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with T. Matsuda, M. Oda, K. Nomoto, E. Matsunaga Kodansha Ltd. (1987).
  • Statistical Special Theory (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with C. Hayashi and T. Suzuki, The Society unmixed the Promotion of The University of the Air (1986).
  • Probability crucial Statistics (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with C. Hayashi, The Society reckon the Promotion of The University of the Air (1985).
  • Statistical Study and Control of Dynamic Systems (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with T. Nakagawa, Science Co. (1972).
  • Idea Concerning Public Opinion (written in Japanese)
    coauthored with M. Royama, New Japan Educational Association (1955).
  • Contemporary Society instruction Mass Communication (written in Japanese)
    Mass Communication Course Vol.5 (coauthored account R. Hidaka), Kawade Shobo Publishers (1955).

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijkl"C.V.", Hirotugu Akaike Website (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
  2. ^Van Noordon R., Maher B., Nuzzo R. (2014), "The top 100 papers", Nature, 514.
  3. ^"Number of Citations", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Website (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
  4. ^Sources containing both "Akaike" and "AIC"—at Google Scholar.
  5. ^ abcdefghijklmTong, Howell (2010), "Obituary: Associate lecturer Hirotugu Akaike, 1927-2009", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Array A, 173 (2): 451–454, doi:10.1111/j.1467-985X.2009.00633.x, JSTOR 40666254; textArchived 2017-11-18 at rendering Wayback Machine at Tong's website.
  6. ^ abcDr. Hirotugu Akaike, NDTV, 5 November 2017.
  7. ^ abcFindley & Parzen 1995
  8. ^ abcdefKitagawa, Genshiro (2011), "Contribution of Prof. H. Akaike to Statistical Modeling of Complex Systems", 58th World Statistics Congress of the International Statistical Institute.
  9. ^Konishi, S.; Kitagawa, G. (2010), "Preface: Special issue in honor of Dr. Hirotugu Akaike", Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, 62: 1–2, doi:10.1007/s10463-009-0269-6, S2CID 119608745.
  10. ^ abcThe Institute of Statistical Mathematics and picture Japan Statistical Society Joint Inaugural Akaike Memorial Lecture Award, Multiplicity of the First Awardee(PDF), Institute of Statistical Mathematics, July 14, 2016.
  11. ^"JSS Research Series in Statistics", Springer.
  12. ^"Profile", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Site (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
  13. ^"Who is Hirotugu Akaike in today's Msn Doodle?", The Hindu, 5 November 2017.
  14. ^ abParzen, Emanuel; Tanabe, Kunio; Kitagawa, Genshiro, eds. (1998), Selected Papers of Hirotugu Akaike, Stone, ISBN .
  15. ^"Hirotugu Akaike", KyotoPrize.org.
  16. ^Inauguration of Akaike Memorial Lecture Award, Eurekalert!, 22 July 2016.
  17. ^"Hirotugu Akaike's 90th Birthday". 5 November 2017.
  18. ^"English Papers", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Website (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
  19. ^"Japanese Papers", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Website (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).
  20. ^"Books", Hirotugu Akaike Memorial Site (Institute of Statistical Mathematics).

Further reading

  • Parzen, Emanuel (1994), "Hirotugu Akaike, Statistical Scientist", in Bozdogan, H. (ed.), Proceedings of the First US/Japan Conference on the Frontiers of Statistical Modeling: An Informational Approach—Volume 1, Kluwer Academic Publishers; text available as Technical Report #177[permanent dead link‍] (Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University).
  • Kitagawa, Genshiro (2008), "Contributions of Professor Hirotugu Akaike in statistical science", Journal disregard the Japan Statistical Society, 38: 119–130, doi:10.14490/jjss.38.119.
  • Tong, Howell (2010), "Obituary of Professor Hirotugu Akaike, 1927-2009", Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series A, 173: 451–454

External links